US EPA." 06 Apr. Boston, MA: Massachusetts Technology Collaborative, 2003. It replaces them with 3000 new trees annually as part of an urban-forest strategy.Brisbane City with North Stradbroke Island in the background.In Brisbane, suburbs including Windsor, Wilston and Milton, will be hotter by 2023 if the city concentrates on an infill development plan, according to new research by Queensland University of Technology.But the findings published in the Land Use Policy journal showed that if a sprawl development instead occurred, inner-city suburbs including Fortitude Valley could be significantly cooler in 2023, compared to 2004.Dr Liton Kamruzzaman, from the Science and Engineering Faculty, said the findings found the number of suburbs suffering from extreme UHI effect was increasing.“[It has increased] from 10 per cent in 1991 to 20 per cent in 2013, and this trend will continue if effective planning policies are not introduced,” Last year the then acting Minister for Cities Greg Hunt announced a plan to create cool and green cities and pledged to plant more trees each decade up until 2050 and would look at building greenery on to rooftops.Globally, 2016 was the hottest year yet and it continues to get warmer.The hottest year on record was 2015 before it was overtaken last year, and this year could end up being even hotter than the last.Many other places around the world are affected by the UHI.Downtown New York City is an urban heat island, a built-up area with temperatures that are higher than the rural areas surrounding it.According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the annual air temperature of a city with one million people can be 1—3C warmer than its surroundings.The Heat Island Group has previously reported that the UHI around Los Angeles, California in the US costs the city $US100 million a year in energy. 2014. While temperature difference is significant all year round, the difference is generally bigger in Winter.The UHI can be defined as either the air temperature difference (the canopy UHI) or the surface temperature difference (surface UHI) between the urban and the rural area. The heat island effect can be counteracted slightly by using white or reflective materials to build houses, roofs, pavements, and roads, thus increasing the overall Using light-colored concrete has proven effective in reflecting up to 50% more light than asphalt and reducing ambient temperature.A second option is to increase the amount of well-watered vegetation. This plan is California's approach on how to carry out their goal of combating climate change by reducing greenhouse emissions by 2020 to levels from the 1990s. Within the United States alone, an average of 1,000 people die each year due to extreme heat.Research in the United States suggests that the relationship between extreme temperature and mortality varies by location. "Cool communities: strategies for heat island mitigation and smog reduction." 15 Apr. NASA. Climate Change and Your Health (2011): n. pag.
Dec.ny.gov. Accordingly, this assessment adds the same level of urban warming uncertainty as in the TAR: 0.006°C per decade since 1900 for land, and 0.002°C per decade since 1900 for blended land with ocean, as ocean UHI is zero.The same urban area that is hotter in the day can be colder than surrounding rural areas at ground level at night, leading to a new term Urban area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activitiesUnited States. Sydney Sea Planes has renovated and takes a variety of people and services to the sky.Sydneysiders keeping cool during the hottest summer on record at Wet'n'Wild Sydney as temperatures reached 43 degrees in the west. For example, when Increased temperatures have been reported to cause A researcher found that high UHI intensity correlates with increased concentrations of air pollutants that gathered at night, which can affect the next day's In recent years, researchers have discovered a strong correlation between neighborhood income and tree canopy cover. Taking action will produce multiple benefits including decreased energy costs, improved air quality and reduce health risks. "Cool and green roofs.